Passport of Etie "Sara" Mahl, with J
Gift of Lucie Blau
Id no. 2001.A.286, Document, German
Subject(s): Race laws, Emigration
As of October 5, 1938, German Jews were required to have the letter "J" stamped in their passports. As of January 1, 1939, all Jews who did not have a clearly recognizable Jewish name were forced to take the middle names of "Israel" (for men) and "Sara" (for women). After the Anschluss (annexation of Austria) in March 1938, Austrian Jews were considered German.
