Gift of Sophie Schoen in memory of her parents, Adele and Heinrich Gerstenhaber

Id no. 181.89, Document, German

February 23 1939, Austria, Vienna

Subject(s):  Race laws

All Germans - "Aryans" as well as Jews - were required to carry identity papers (kennkarten) at all times. Nazi law required Jews who did not have easily identifable Jewish names to take "Israel" or "Sara" as a middle name. The kennkarten is also marked with a "J" for "Jude" (Jew). After the Anschluss in March 1938, Vienna was considered part of Greater Germany.